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Pakistan’s ongoing economic crisis — characterised by IMF dependency, currency collapse, energy shortages, and political instability — has direct security implications for India that go beyond conventional threat assessment. A destabilised Pakistan is not necessarily a safer neighbourhood for India. History shows that Pakistani military establishments under economic pressure have used cross-border tensions and proxy […]

Having served through multiple counter-insurgency operations across India’s conflict zones — from the Northeast to Jammu and Kashmir — certain strategic and tactical lessons emerge that remain relevant for contemporary security challenges. Lesson 1 — Population-centric operations win. Every successful counter-insurgency campaign in India has ultimately rested on separating the population from the insurgents, not